Won't pretend that I can understand all the technicalities, but this doesn't sound right to me. It makes Gore-tex sound a bit like the Paramo Nikwax Analogy system in the sense that there is no actual physical barrier to liquid water, but Gore-tex and Paramo are different. As I understand it, if you're wearing Paramo trousers and you sit in a puddle you'll get a wet bum, whereas if you're wearing Gore-tex trousers you won't.
Besides, Gore-tex states very clearly that "The GORE-TEX® membrane has 9 billion pores per square inch, with each pore 20,000 times smaller than a water droplet. These tiny holes are too small for water and wind to pass through from the outside, which is how we can guarantee you'll stay dry and warm in a garment made with GORE-TEX® fabric. But these same pores are large enough for moisture vapor to pass through, so your body's perspiration is able to escape and you don't get clammy and uncomfortable. That's what 'waterproof/breathable' is all about." I got this from https://www.gore-tex.com/support/frequently-asked-questions. If the site you've quoted is correct, then Gore-tex is lying outright. Wouldn't Gore-tex be inviting serious trouble by doing so?
I had the same thoughts about it being like Paramo but I think that's operating at a more macro level with regards to moving water.
I'm pretty sure that technical link is correct. It's not the only source for that info. A less technical but aligned explanation is in REI's site
here. And an even more technical explanation than the first one
hereI would guess that Goretex aren't outright lying but rather using an explanation they think people will understand. So what they've done is to focus on the PTFE layer only and been a bit casual/misleading about the language. Drops larger than the gaps would form on PTFE but that's because of the hydrophobic effect stopping the water passing rather than the other way around.
Goretex say nothing about the PU layer as a rule but there is no doubt there is one (it's one of their patents I believe) so I think that tells us something about how they've chosen to market it.
BTW, there are air bubble tests on Youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TmzwZgEVmA which show you can force air quite easily through eVent fabric but not through Goretex. If Goretex really just relied on holes that let vapour through then forced air would get through too. eVent doesn't have the PU layer and air can be pushed through.
I'm only going on what I'm reading but it would appear to be correct.