When I was at Agriculture College in 1962 the protocols for safety regarding the types of bulls in fields were exactly the same as they are today, I learnt of these in the year before at block release, as far as I know these protocols dated from the 1950's perhaps even earlier. At that time we were already already crossing Charollais onto dairy breeds, most beef rearing was done with the Cross bred calves that were the byproduct of a very much more diverse dairy industry. Many hill and marginal farms were still milking as the monthly milk cheque was important regular income. The milking cows would be handled twice a day as they had necks chains put on in the days of cowshed milking with portable milking units. I was also told during a lecture on methods of beef production about Single Suckler herds were a past method, yet then those cattle would still be bought into farm buildings regularly and the dames were familiar with being tethered.
Today we have a great variety of breeds ranging from rare breeds to the continental breeds intensely bred to achieve the double muscled conformation, yet no recognition has been made to monitor herd behaviour in relation to the free range management and great variety of hybrid characteristics. Where I would agree that the identification of animal aggression is the responsibility of the herdsman, those protocols to mitigate the effects must clearly be a Land Management issue.
My previous post may seem flippant, yet such simple strategies as using an electric fence to create a safe area around the entry points and even several places for exit could prove far better than narrow corridors of fenced off pathways.
Where is the training for such methods or even the research, should it come out of the SFS payments that go into the pockets of many landowners, who have never driven a herd of cattle down lane and observe that they soil the pavement as well as the roadway.
I am also serious about CCTV.